第一部分 选择题
i. each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）
1. degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]
a. lewd → ignorant
b. silly → foolish
c. last → pleasure
d. knave → boy
2. homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]
a. humour
b. sarcasm
c. ridicule
d. all the above
3. the four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]
a. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation
b. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation
c. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation
d. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation
4. the use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]
a. synecdoche
b. metonymy
c. substitution
d. metaphor
5. idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]
a. adjectives
b. attributes
c. modifiers
d. words
6. grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ]
a. vocabulary
b. grammar
c. semantic pattern
d. syntactic structure
7. in the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.
this change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]
a. addition
b. replacement
c. position-shifting
d. variation
8. the word "laconic" is _____. [ ]
a. onomatopoeically motivated
b. morphologically motivated
c. semantically motivated
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